PhospholipidScreenELISAisasolidphaseenzymeimmunoassayfortheseparatequantitativedetectionofIgGandIgMantibodiesagainstphospholipidsinhumanserum.Eachwelliscoatedwithhighlypurifiedbovinecardiolipin,ß2-glycoproteinI,phosphatidyl-serine,-inositol,ethanolamine,-cholineandsphingomyelin.Theassayisanaidinthediagnosisandriskestimationofthrombosisinpatientswithsystemiclupuserythematosusandantiphospholipidsyndrome(APS).Antibodiesagainstphospholipids,componentsoftheBIOLOGicalmembranes,arespecificforphospholipidssuchascardiolipin,phosphatidyl-inositol,-ethanolamine,-choline,sphingomyelinandphosphatidicacid.Anti-phospholipidantibodiesarefrequentlyfoundinseraofpatientswithsystemiclupuserythematosus(SLE)andrelateddiseases.Theoccurrenceofanti-phospholipidantibodiesinpatientswithSLEandrelateddiseasesistypicalforasecondaryanti-phospholipidsyndrome(APS).Incontrast,antiphospholipidantibodiesinpatientswithnootherautoimmunediseasescharacterizetheprimaryAPS.Manystudieshaveshownacorrelationbetweentheseautoantibodiesandanenhancedincidenceofthrombosis,thrombocytopeniaandhABItualabortions(asaconsequenceofplacentalinfarct).Theexactmechanismsbywhichpathogenicanti-phospholipidantibodiesinducethrombosisisnotyetrevealedfully.