ThisHumanIL-1ReceptorAntagonistELISAcontainsthenecessaryreagents,frompre-coatedplatestostandards,buffersanddiluentsforperformingquantitativeenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassays(ELISA).ThisELISAkitisspecificallyengineeredforaccurateandprecisemeasurementofIL-1RAproteinlevelsfromsamplesincludingserum,plasma,andsupernatantsfromcellcultures.Interleukin1receptorantagonist(IL-1RA)isaproteinrelatedtotheIL-1familybasedonitssimilaritiesinaminoacidsequencetobothIL-1betaandIL-1alpha,similaritiesingenestructure,andcollectivegenelocalization.Thehumangenecontainsfourexonsandmapstochromosome2q13-14.IL-1inducesthereleaseofprostaglandins,nitricoxideandthesynthesisofchemokinesthatpromotecellsoftheimmunesystemtothesiteofinfection.IL-1RAbindstotheIL-1receptorandblocksIL-1actionthroughcompetitiveinhibition.IncontrasttoIL-1,thebindingofIL-1RAdoesnotinitiatesignalingevents.ThesecretionofIL-1RAismediatedbyaclassicalsignalsequencewhileneitherIL-1αnorIL-1βpossesssuchasequence.ThelackofhomologybetweenIL-1RAandIL-1alphaorIL-1betaneartheNterminusmayprovideanexplanationforthebiosyntheticandfunctionaldifferencesbetweenIL-1RAandthetwoIL-1proteins.TheproductionofIL-1RAisstimulatedbymanysubstancesincludingadherentIgG,cytokines,andbacterialorviralcomponents.TriggeringIL-1productionthroughcytokineslikeIL-13,IL-6,IL-4,IFNγ,GM-CSFandTGFβapparentlytriggersIL-1RAsynthesis.AnumberofcelltypesexpressIL-1RA,includingmonocytes,macrophages,neutrophils,Sertolicells,hepatocytes,ADIpocytes,synovialfibroblasts,mastcells,pancreaticcellsandintestinalepithelialcells.IL-1RAisanimportantnaturalanti-inflammatoryproteinthatwhenmissingorjustavailableininadequateamountsplaysakeyroleinseveralpathologicalconditionssuchasrheumatoidarthritis,colitis,osteomyelitis,periostitisandpustulosis.ApolymorphismoftheIL-1RAgeneisreportedtobeassociatedwithincreasedriskofosteoporoticfracturesandgastriccancer.InhealthytissuesufficientIL-1RAisproducedtoholdinterleukin-1-mediatedinflammationatbay.Incasesofuncontrolledinflammation,thereisaninsufficientamountofIL-1RAtoregulatetheactivityofinterleukin-1.
Synonyms:ICIL1RA,IL1RA,IL1RN,IL1F3